University of Central Florida (UCF) HUN3011 Human Nutrition Practice Exam 2

A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats is associated with a reduced risk of chronic diseases due to the presence of essential nutrients, antioxidants, and fiber found in these food groups. Fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals that help protect the body against inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which are contributing factors to chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers.

Whole grains provide complex carbohydrates that are digested slowly, leading to better blood sugar control and reduced risk of insulin resistance, which is a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Healthy fats, particularly those from sources such as avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil, are known to support heart health and help reduce harmful cholesterol levels.

The diversity of nutrients in this dietary pattern plays a crucial role in the prevention of chronic diseases by promoting overall health, improving immune function, and supporting optimal weight management. Engaging with a wide variety of these foods fosters a balanced intake of needed nutrients while minimizing the consumption of processed foods high in sugars and unhealthy fats, which have been linked to increased health risks.